Hello to all users, Today we are presenting Voynich Manuscript PDF for all of you. It is a book written in an unknown script. This book was written 600 years ago. who is its author? In which language is this book written? No one has been able to know about this to date.
Carbon dating suggests that the manuscript was written between 1404 and 1438, ie in the 15th century. The book is named after Wilfred Voynich, an Italian bookseller who bought it in 1912. Many pages of this book are missing, Despite this, the book still has 240 pages.
Voynich Manuscript PDF – Highlights
The illustration is traditionally used to divide large sections of the manuscript into six separate parts because the text is illegible. Each section is typed with illustrations of different styles, and subjects, except the last section, where the illustrations are just small stars in the margin. The categories and their conventional names are as follows:
Herbal, 112 folios:
Each page displays one or two plants and a few paragraphs of text, a format typical of European herbals of the time. Some parts of these drawings are larger and cleaner copies of sketches seen in the “pharmaceutical” section. None of the plants depicted are unambiguously identifiable.
Astronomical, 21 folios:
Contains circular diagrams suggestive of astronomy or astrology, some of them with suns, moons, and stars. One series of 12 diagrams depicts conventional symbols for the zodiacal constellations (two fish for Pisces, a bull for Taurus, a hunter with a crossbow for Sagittarius, etc.). Each of these has 30 female figures arranged in two or more concentric bands.
Most of the females are at least partly nude, and each holds what appears to be a labeled star or is shown with the star attached to either arm by what could be a tether or cord of some kind. The last two pages of this section were lost (Aquarius and Capricornus, roughly January and February), while Aries and Taurus are split into four paired diagrams with 15 women and 15 stars each. Some of these diagrams are on fold-out pages.
Balneological, 20 folios:
A dense, continuous text interspersed with drawings, mostly showing small nude women, some wearing crowns, bathing in pools or tubs connected by an elaborate network of pipes. The bifolio consists of folios 78 (verso) and 81 (recto); it forms an integrated design, with water flowing from one folio to the other.
Cosmological, 13 folios:
More circular diagrams, but they are of an obscure nature. This section also has foldouts; one of them spans six pages, commonly called the Rosettes folio, and contains a map or diagram with nine “islands” or “rosettes” connected by “causeways” and containing castles, as well as what might be a volcano.
Pharmaceutical, 34 folios:
Many labeled drawings of isolated plant parts (roots, leaves, etc.), objects resembling apothecary jars, ranging in style from the mundane to the fantastical, and a few text paragraphs.
Recipes, 22 folios:
Full pages of text are broken into many short paragraphs, each marked with a star in the left margin. Five folios contain only text, and at least 28 folios are missing from the manuscript.
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